Ans: An ecosystem is a self-contained, functional unit within the natural world where living organisms interact with each other and their physical environment. It consists of the following components:
a). Abiotic Factors: These are non-living elements such as soil, water, sunlight, temperature, and air quality that influence the ecosystem.
b). Biotic Factors: These are living organisms, including plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms, that interact with each other and with abiotic factors.